IMPROVING THE INSTITUTION OF APPEALS: TIME LIMITS, RESPONSE QUALITY, AND MONITORING

Abstract

The subject of the study is the procedural regulation of appeals of individuals and legal entities in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The topic is relevant because the technological infrastructure for handling appeals is being modernized through a unified digital platform, whereas the substantive procedural rules have remained essentially unchanged since 2017, so that faster document flow does not by itself improve the outcome. The purpose is to identify the gaps in the current regulation and to justify specific legislative amendments. The work relies on comparative legal, formal legal and systemic structural methods and examines the legislation and practice of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Korea, Germany, and Singapore. Four interrelated gaps were established: uniform periods of consideration combined with evaluative grounds for their extension; the absence of normative criteria of a proper answer; the departmental and closed character of supervision; and the absence of a special procedural regime for appeals concerning medical services. On this basis a new wording of Article 28 and three new articles are justified. The results may be used in lawmaking, in the practice of state bodies and in further research. The proposals are designed to operate largely within existing institutional and digital infrastructure and are intended to minimize additional budgetary expenditure.